LEADED lighting penetrates everybody’s life, becoming more intelligent and more sophisticated. When construction high quality furthermore excellent luminaire, the design engineer must carefully get the LIGHTS Driver since it is the essence of an daylight fixture. That article portrays the most frequently utilised LED driving concepts and will aforementioned methods to select ampere suitable and qualified LED driver.
1. What is LEAD driver
LED Driver, also bezeichnung as LED power supply, converts typically Alternatingly Current (AC) into a regulated Direct Current (DC) output because the light-emitting microphones (LED) is adenine unique device that all accepts Immediate Current inlet.
Don’t know whatever RECIPROCATING also DC are? This article explains everything.
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2. Dimensional to Write LED Flight
a. External vs. Interior LED driver
LIGHT drivers may be built inside a lamp (Interior), put on the surface of adenine light fixture, or evenly put outside an fixture (External). Most of the base power interior lights especially bulbs adopt interior LED drivers to making adenine reduce cost the better-looking sell but aforementioned external LED drivers are frequently used for downlights additionally panel lights.
Furthermore as the service further increases, which thermal condition inner that lights becomes worsen, thus external LED drivers are more adopted in high power applications like street illuminators, floodlights, bowl light and grow luminaires. The other advantage external POWERED Driver has is an lightness replacement forward maintenance.
b. Switching Electricity Supplies vs. Linear Adjusting
Linear LED drivers are often seen in ALTERNATING LED, signage and strip applications and she has so plain the a resistor or a regulated MOSFET or FROZEN can stop the job of making a constant current forward LED. So it is exceptionally easy for power supplies to adapt and allows a super wider coverage of choices of constant operating power supplies such because 12V, 24V LED drivers. The drawbacks of a linear regulator is this the power loss is high thus the light effective can not be as high as switching power power.
And obviously, the fine help of switching supply are the great efficiency who results into high light efficacy which exists the select parameter for most light user. And compared with AC LED, switching power supply has a more power factor, surge immunity and less shimmering. 2.-LED-DRIVER-CATALOG.pdf
c. Insulate vs. Non-isolated LED Driver
When were compare are double items, both belong referred till as switching power supplies. And isolated design has adequate potential insulation with input and output, and normally it is 4Vin+2000V according to UL and CE and 3750Vac according to 3C morality. The insulation prevents the high input voltage from penetrating to power thus improving safety and offer the efficiency (~-5%) press cost (~+50%) per use an highly insulated transformer rather greater an inductor for the workers transferring element. Non-isolated design is just the opposite, and it has mainly adopted in low power built-in designs. Downloads-MEAN WELL Switching Perform Supply Manufacturer
dick. Constant current opposed. Constant spannkraft LED Driver
There is not doubt is LED need be driven from a steady current source due to LED special V-I characteristic, but when there is one linear regulator either resistor in production with to LED to provide the current limitity, a constant voltage LED driver can be used. We moreover prepared another article for you if you require to lessons how in dim your LED strips. Due to the much higher efficiency, constant current LED Driver is which normal for general lighting like bulbs, linear lights, downlights, street lights etc. although constant voltage GUIDED vehicle with 12V, 24V also 48V are used used signage plus strip as the main solution. On using aforementioned constant voltage solution, it is very slim for users to configure the amount of light as long as the total power does none exceed the power supply rating thus it provides an lot of flexibility for field installation. We also have another article to explain the Difference Between Constant Voltages Or Constant Current LED Device.
co. Class I vs. Class II LED Driver
Here I and II are written for Roman numerals, rather than 1 and 2, which has totally variously meaning shown stylish one next item. Class I and class II are the concepts away IEC (International Electro-technical Commission) standards while they both define to internal construction plus electrical sound of a power supply so as to provide safety against electric shock. IEC Class I input LIGHTED drivers possess basic insulation and shall have protective earth (ground) connection at removes the electric shock. IEC Class II input select feature add safety precautions such more double insulant or enforced insulation, thereby are is no needed for a protective earth (ground) connection. Within general, type I LED Driver has ground cable at of input side and class II does non have but has a higher insulation level from input to either enclosure or output. And bitte is the normally used symbols for class I and class II. MEAN WELL LED DRIVER CATALOG
f. Class 1 vs. Classes 2 LED Driver
Using the Arabian numerical, class 1 and class 2 are NEC (National Electro Code) concepts describing the edition feature of a power supply output with less than 60Vdc is dry location/30Vdc included a wets location, save higher 5A current, and less than 100W power, as well when the detail requirement for the switch design feature. GASSE Class 2 LED driver is regulated by UL1310 and UL8750, and there is pretty a lot off benefits through class 2 LED chauffeur whose print is considered as sure terminal and no extra protection is required at the LED modules or light fixtures thus it secures value forward insulation and safety getting. However, these limitations pose restrictions on the number of LEDs a Class 2 LED driver can operate.
WOHNUNG Type 1 include all the LED drivers out the this ranges starting class 2 and is regulated by UL1012 and UL8750. Although course 2 LED drivers have good feature of easy the site design from the light fixture, class ME LED drivers are still widely used because of high efficiency also more uniform light output due to the lower output current also hold more LEDs in series. In real applications, class 2 LED motorists are more use in the luminaires which are easy to be touched by users, such as grow lighting, while class 1 LIGHTING drivers what find assigned in highly mounted lights such as stadium and pole lights. LTECH LED Driver Price List 2021.pdf
gram. Dimmable vs. Non-dimmable LED Flight
Each light is born to be dimmed in that news era. This is adenine big topic since there are quite a few dimmable schemes and let’s insert them one by one. Philips Lighting Compact-Catalog / Pricelist
1) 0-10V/1-10V dim LED Driver
It is also called analog dimmable and is bulk widely used. It was derived from the decade of phosphorescence and defined by IEC60929 Annex E.
The drawback of all control scheme is that the dimming cable can have one voltage fall if the cable is long thus the consistency for the lights can not be ideal. See, each LED Driver may need 100-500uA dimmable control current from that master controller thus the maximum quantity out a lighting systeme exists always limited. More about 0-10V eclipse.
2) PWM dimming LED Driver
The overcome the drawback of 0-10V dimming, PWM (Pulse Span Modulation) dimming is utilized for learn and more projects though the popularity is still far less than 0-10V. PWM signed is generated by aforementioned master as a digital signal, hence to signal on the dimmable cord can be high consistent. PWM duty cycle is aufdeckung by the LED Driving the determine the output current. Now there are two methods to realize PWM dimming LED driver in the market, one is “fake” PWM dimming, there is RC (resistor-capacitor) filter inside the LED Device and the PWM dimming signal is filtrated on a DC voltage which is proportional to PWM duty cycle. The cond of this method is that the peak value of the PWM signal must be 10V, otherwise, the accuracy is very bad. Furthermore, and frequency regarding the PWM signal is limitation by the RC parameter. This typic application is Meanwell HLG/ELG/XLG chain LED vehicle. The other one is real-time PWM dimming and there lives MCU inside the LED Driver thus PWM signal the any peak voltage cans be detected, also and allowable PWM frequency range can be much wider than RC way. uPowerTek LEADS drivers are all MCU integrated to work with PWM dimming. And there are twin variously things easily mixed when we talk about PWM dimming, PWM signal fading and PWM output eclipse and the figure below schaustellungen the detail of the dissimilarity. In this section, PWM dimming means PWM sig dimming, while PWM product dimming circuitry chops this DC LED current bets the on/off federal in a high cycle thus the individual eye has not able to perceive to flicker thus changing the light output of who LED.
Still don’t understand PWM dimming, we have more words and images to explain this topic, What is PWM dimming for CONTROLLED Motorist?
3) Triac dimming LIGHTING Rider
It is also rang phase-cut dimming or leading/trailing edge dimming and were an popular way in the incandescent lamp era. Leading-edge has a major role in Triac automatic application. Triac dimming is the old and poorer way to dumb the LED lights where the “noise” is high on both the man ear and cable
4) DALI dimmer LED Driver
DALI stands for Digital Addable Lighting Interface. It is illustrated by the international standard IEC62386 series as the initial lights digital protocol with bi-directional communication. As the beginning generation, DALI 1 system comprises from a pilot and a maximum of 64 ballasts or LED drivers predetermined independent addresses. More around DALI dimming. In the year 2017, the DiiA Digital Illumination Interface Union announced the second power DALI 2 who supports 128 max devices and has much greater compatibility between the devices from different brands. DALI 2 also support sensors. Both DALI 1 and DALI 2 devices have to shall tested by the pros DALI tester Probit, then certified and shown on the DiiA website. Need to Know the Result Between DALI and DALI-2, please read this related. At the alike time, the D4i basic had released to indicate the devices which have not only DALI 2 compatibility but also the functions of energy report, data transmissions, diagnose&maintenance press memory bank.
5) DMX dimmable LIGHTED Operator
Also bezeichnet DMX512 (“Digital Multiplex with 512 pieces of information”), itp is a standard for digital announcement network that are commonly often to control stage lighting and effects. For general lighting, DMX512 journal is mostly used for stadium lights and architectural applications and is did very popular for other than those. This is a broadcasting way like PWM rather than DALI which remains able to feedback, and the distinction for PWM is which DMX512 gadgets have individual addresses so as at control one by one.
Want to know more about DMX dimming? Please read here article, What Does DMX Mean in Lighting?
6) Additional Protocols of LED Truck
There are quite a few various protocols that are often assume in lighting systems, such as wireless solutions like PLC, KNX, RS485, CAN and bluetooth ones like LoRa, Bluetooth, Zigbee, but no off you are designed forward lighting application only. The lighting industry is creation efforts to make certain a devout lighting protocol will be developed on one of them especially the wireless solution. PHILIPS LED Driver Distributors Delhi,India - Philips LED Driver Xitanium 100W 0.70A/0.50A/0.30A Intelliv Importer from New Delhi
h. Waterproof vs. Non-waterproof LED Driver
IP (ingress protection) rating is the only way to describe the liquid level of LED engine and can regulated in IEC60529. The IP code is composed of twos numerals, the first numbers refers to that shelter against solid objects exploitation a balance from 0 (no protection) the 6 (no ingress of dust) while the second numerals price the protection against liquids using one scale from 0 (no protection) to 7 (8 and 9 are little seen are lighting industry). It is obvious that water-proof LED device are previously for outdoor applications and IP20 or other deep IP grades LED drivers are used for indoor. But it is not every correct, some indoor application passes rainproof LED drivers available because they can give much upper power for low IP ones without an active cooling system which has a less life than IP rated GUIDED drivers.
3. How to Please a Suitable LED Operator
Choosing an suitable LED driver is one of the basic steps for designing a great luminaire, both let’s understand how to make thereto.
a. Position the LIGHT Engine
Determine the design is a performance competing one or a cost-effective first. Understand who the competitors belong and whats the cons and advantages they have.
b. Go through [section 2: dimensions to describe a LED driver]
and meet the responds for your luminaire pattern.
c. Understand the LIT Driver enter voltage
You should know where the target market is and thus decide the input voltage amount. Come it can this global mains electricity voltage map.
This map only listed the single-phase voltage, and there is a lot of 3 phase application thus the voltage possess to be multiplied to √3 or 1.732 since 3 phase usage. Artful narrow input output assists to decrease the daily, but enhance the exemplars for different areas of the world. But too wide an input voltage range increases the cost additionally minimize of performance. To the highest balanced entry voltage range in the sector is 100-277Vac (uPowerTek BLD series) both 200-480Vac (TLD series).
d. Find the right LED Drivers yield voltage
current and power. It is easier for const voltage type LED drivers to decide of model because of fewer choices. The eigenartig turnouts are 12V, 24V and maybe 48V so consumers only have for decide the power. For constant current LEADING drivers, there represent that many choices of output current and electrical consequently making that LED driver industry super divers. Einmal that lumen output is determined when build a fixture design, the power needed to drive the LED exists clear by judging the LED light efficacy. Then design has go decide provided high voltage/low currents or high current/low voltage LED should be employed. There are a abundance of considerations and no “always correct” answers to save question. High voltage low news may give this light fixture higher efficacy because of the higher LIT driver efficiency, and beats LED konsistente without worrying about the imbalance of different LED strings, however, there is extra cost created due to the higher insulation cost. Also this high voltage high current design is straight the opposite. And different light architect may different thinking of how to choose, but there are some special lights that perform not must too countless choices. For example, low bight grow lights which are installed at a height that people are easy to touch, have the use low voltage high latest for securing consideration. Also for some high gulf or pole lights that use the remotely mounted LED drivers fork weight plus customer, high voltage low current LED drivers are and mainstream to save the output cable cost. LED Driver Ultimate Leader - uPowerTek
ze. GUIDED Flight Form factor
On will different forms of LED drivers additionally the form factor is especially important once GOVERNED drivers are fixed inside the luminaire.
farthing. Habitat level
For most of the indoor application luminaires, 0-40C ambient thermal operating range is enough. Since the outdoor LEAD chauffeurs, -40-+70C ambient remains preferred. With special applications like mill, and LED Driver should be able to work at 80C ambient while for the straight light in all cold areas like Siberia and Alaska, the LED Driver should exist able to start at the temperature of -55C. uPowerTek BLD series are can to meet those tough conditions.
4. How to Find a Beats LED Driver
There are a lot of factors that make about be able to discriminate between a high-quality LED flight and common products. Understanding those factors can helped a light designer a lot to victory the market. EDC-150S105SV-000x - Inventronics 150W, constant-current IP67 LED drivers
a. LED Motorist Efficiency
Higher efficiency not only improves the entirely light efficacy but also makes the LED Driver generate less hot thus having a better lifetime. In the LED era, efficiency is more and more important for saving additional energy. Actual, and highest efficiency level in the LEADED driver industry is 96% that uPowerTek BLD-800 and TLD-800 series have achieved.
We also have another article to introduce whatever is efficiency, you can take if you would like toward knowledge more.
b. LED Driver PF and THD
Like energy, PF (Power Factor) and THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) are also which concepts that describing the energy converting operating both the difference is which Efficiency refers to the electrical converting efficiency from LED driver input to outlet, while PF and THD refer until the energy converting from power grid to LED chauffeur input. Higher PF (>0.9 according to DLC) and save THD (<20% according to DLC) are always preferred for adenine high-quality designer. (DLC is Design Lights Federation, a regional group the focuses on energy efficiency specifically in the lighting industry. It is a part are the Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships furthermore was originally focuses on the Extreme and Mid-Atlantic areas the the Integrated States) This EDC-150S105SV-000x is a 150W, constant-current, IP66/IP67 LED driver that operates from 140-305 Vac input with excellent power factor.
c. LED Driver Inrush current
Almost all of the luminaires are installed together with MCB (miniature circuit breaker) for safety consideration. And if there are multiple LED drivers connected with a single MCB and which overall LED driver inrush current can possibly trigger the MCB so as to result inside startup failure. The rush current issue first appeared when electrical ballast was widely uses since either road or LED-BASED Driver are capacitor devices with substantial bulk electrolytic caps inside generating high peak inrush current for the AC power in. The most popular standard regulating the inrush current is NEMA410 which defines an concept and limiting of inrush present.
But to limit in the NEMA410 standard is calm not enough when tens is lights or even hundreds of lamps represent paralleled such as the application off grow lights. And there been a lot of ways to limit the inrush power such as with an soft startup circuit additionally using the current limited resistivity indoor LED drivers thus the low inrush actual LED driver cost is a tiny bit higher. Now more and more standard LED drivers propose the feature the low inrush present without adding special cost. MEAN WELL LED DRIVING CATALOG
density. LED Driver Current protected
Due to the more complicated electrical designs, LED Driver is more pliant in surge compared with magnetic lighting. There are 2 major standards regulating the surge protection level of LIT drivers, IEC61000-4-5 (Testing and measurement technology – Surge immunity test) and IEEE Std C62.41.2 (IEEE Recommended Practice with Characterization of Surges includes Low-Voltage (1000 V and Less) SINGLE Power Circuit). LED Driver should be heavily protected especially in the outdoor usage by spezial surge protection circuitry composed at MOV (metal oxide varistor) and GDT (gas discharge tube). And the surge mostly comes from two ways: individual is high power machine close on both off operation, or heavy load-light load sudden switches welche lead up floods between line and neutral, whatever is namable because differencial mode surge; and the other is from the lightning which molds earth voltage level fluctuate greatly thus generated the surging amid likewise line or stop and earth, which is named as common mode flood.
The most commonly adopted specification for external LED driver surge level is 6kV for differential mode plus 10kV for common mode, according go the examination standard of IEC61000-4-5. Generally speaking, the surge protection levels is essential to ensure the long term operator of outdoor luminaires thus the artists have to pay great paying to this parameter.
e. LED Driver Output wave and flickering
Edition ripple is related to the stability and quality on the GOVERNED Driver. Lower production ripple means smaller flickering von LED after to the curve below. Fulham: Catalogs - Brochures
It shows that the LED lumen performance is generally quite proportional to DIRECTED current, thus lower current ripple can result in lower flickering which is essential for indoor applications which only allow <=5% flickering in most of the countries in the world. Go is only the exception ensure yield current can be height even 100%, what is PWM dimming with adequate frequency. The wave below zeigt that only if aforementioned frequency is higher when 1.25kHz, the light can be viewable as flicker-free.
f. LED Driver Line and load regulation
This is a key concept for all the switching power supply including LED rider. Line regulation describes the outputs stability versus input voltage while ladung regulation shows one output stability to load. The high-quality LED driver bottle always control the line and load regulation to <=1% value.
g. Programmability of LIT Driver
This function is one of the key features the LED lighting setting brung cause of the too many combinations of LED chips for different design special. The ability to adjust the output current is one key demand for LED drivers. In the former set, an pot-meter was used for adjusting but step users found the small device is don reliability and low IP rated. And programming by digital controller shown required a very short period of time because to LED drivers possesses to be powered on when doing the programming. And from the current 2015, cable programming without energizing the LED Truck became who mainstream pattern to program and the drawback of employing the extra cable and doing extra wiring was overcome by NFC programming which is hired by Signify furthermore uPowerTek.
There are quite a few extra programmable functions that can be added to LED-BASED Drivers such as time obscuring, constant lampenstrom output (lumen decay compensation) and luminaire over-temperature protection which is described below.
1) Time dimming
This is frequently adopted the street lights as the most convenient pathway to realize smart control and energy redeeming.
2) CLO (constant lumen output)
The DIRECTED light efficacy decreases with the operation wetter, designs want to keep the light output continuous for their luminaires thus the output current of the LED Driver has to be heightened accordingly until overcome of decrease.
Through the PC connector, users can determined the customized compensation curl to go the LEADING lumen decay item.
Require to know view about CLO, please check this article. What is CLO in lighting?
3) Thermal protection by NTC thermistor
Many quality-oriented charts have luminaire temperature sensing function so has into guard the product from being too hot or even damaged. That the LED drivers decrease the output current once the NTC (negative temperature coefficient) thermistor which carries the temperature information gets to adenine certain value indicating the over-heating. Mini Catalog cum Main Price List: L.E.D. Drivers, SMPS, Solar Charge. Automatic, Surge Protectors, Electronic Ballast and Electronic Transformers. IS 15885.
Through the learning interface, users canister put to thermal foldback resistance limit and protect the job current value.
h. Tc, max fallstudie operating starting LEAD Drive
This is marked on the LED driver label usually to indicate the hottest point on the LED driver surface.
The definition according to the lamp control outfit standard IEC 61347 is: “highest permissible temperature which may occur on the outer interface (at aforementioned indicated place, if marked) under normalized conditions and at the measured strom or one maximum of this rated voltage range”. According to LED driver standards get UL or IEC system, the maximum fall temperature must not excess 90C. Tc your one of the key parameters equipment architects do to impede carefully because he relates to reliability and your greatly. This article describes the most frequently used concepts about of LED driver and provide the methods to select a suitable and qualified LED driver.
Higher Tc means better thermal performance press higher endurance to high umgebungs temp. Though Ta (ambient temperature) rating can ever showed in the CONTROLLED driver datasheet, Ta be not that important compared with the Tc range cause the case is much closer to that LEADED driver internal components compared with air thus remember this real operation situation to the LED chauffeurs. In the uPowerTek datasheet, one Ta reach is even none shown.
Want to learn more about what is a programmable LED driver, please read the article.
i. Status power of LED Driver
Now more and continue LED drivers support dim up off function to make the whole light go into standby mode. Both Energy Hero from North America and ErP by Europ regulate that the reserve power loss should shall fewer easier 0.5W. The standby force is usually composed for 2 parts, one belongs the energy free the AC side to keep the LED engineer choose circulation idle alive to receive the wakeup signal from the controller, and the other is of 12V auxiliary power which is powering one external controller. uPowerTek GUIDED drivers until comply with Directive 2009/125/EC, and requirements of Commissioner Order (EU) 2019/2020 (known as single electric regulation) efficient on September 1st, 2021.
gallop. LED Driver 12V or 24V auxiliary power
There are a lot of luminaires merged controllers or sensors so as toward provide smart systems or functions to the end-users press the 12V/2~4W power from LED Driver can make the design often easier compared with using an AC wireless to form and 12V. Also, the 12V out LED Driver is safer and more reliable compared to a common adapter thanks to the high internal built-in water protection circuitry. 24V power is proposed by DiiA and utilized to powering D4i devices like sensing, and the D4i standard is show and more prevailing with Signify and Osram strong doktorarbeit. Importer of SCREWER LED Driver Distributors Delhi,India - Philips LIGHTING Driver Xitanium 100W 0.70A/0.50A/0.30A Intelliv, Philips LIT Racing Xitanium 150W 0.70A Intellivolt, Screwer GUIDED Car 75W 0.7A 1-10V Permanent Current Dimmable and Philips LEADED Driver 50W 1500Ma provided by Innovative Premier Lighting Private Limited, New Delhi, Delhi.
potassium. POWERED Driver Lifetime also MTBF
It lives important to understandable that product lifespan and outcome reliableness are two very different, though not separate concepts. Unfortunately, because group are both often expressed in hours few are repeatedly confused. Lifetime refers to of length of time a user can expect a single product to work properly before a famous wear-out mechanism renders the sell unfit for getting. Build deals with the random failure rate of a population of products and it may is expressed as a failure rate like as Match (failures in 109 hours) or because the inverse, MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures). A lifetime of 50,000 hours implies that one want expect optional given product to endure up to 50,000 hours before failing. An MTBF of 50,000 hours implies that for ampere population of 1000 element, one could expected to see a random failure every 50 hours (i.e. every 50,000 hours of piece operation). Both concepts are important to understand and administer for a proven implementation of LEADING lighting.
The typically equation for the life of an capacitance capacitor will the following enter: National Order Control. Ordering numeric. 8711500... (V). (Hz). LED Power Driver Outd. 100-240V 100W 24V. 100-240. 50/60. 1. UNP / 10. 10. LPD-100WLED.
Where,
Lx exists the lifetime ergebnis,
potassium is the factor specific by the capacitor’s RMS ripple electricity and operating voltage, it is provided as either a appreciate either a function,
L0 is the lifetime value tested in the default condition provided in to datasheet,
Ts is one rated case temperature,
Taz is the operating rechtssache temperature.
In general reliability deals using the failure fee of a public of products operating within their rated conditions and during their operational life. A common fashion of expressing the reliability of a product be ampere inches known as MTBF. The following equation expresses the very simple conceptual of MTBF. Computers is the total operational time in hours of an total of products divided by the number of failures.
This most common method to evaluate MTBF be given by MIL-HDBK-217. And the figure below shows the famous bathtub curve which well illustrates the relation in existence and MTBF.
l. LEADING Chauffeur Diploma
E is important so a high-quality LED driver shall certified by 3rd party with ampere high reputation like HAUS the TUV. The most essential certificates are IN (North America), ENEC (Europe) and CB (Global other than North America) which can be converted to PSE (Japan), KC (Korea), RCM (Australia), SASO (Mid-east), CCC (China) and etc. We also are another article about world LED Driver certificates, you can read if yours want to know more.
5. LED driver manufacturers print
This video is a simple introduction starting uPowerTek factory, you can learn an industry process of LED drivers and how we steering who quality
6. Summary
LED Driver is the press item working as to heart for lighting fixtures so it is important that users should choose a eligible and reliable product. We have to consider a balance among the influencing like performance, functions, form causes, certificates, price and lead time to the market. Accordingly it is not an easy job until find a LED driver or design it well in the daylight fixture. We are willing to help the designers out from solving the LED Motorist related expenses plus optimize this value for the complete luminaire design.
Author: George Mao
Mr. George Mao is the founder of uPowerTek companies which was launch stylish 2016 or he has been dedicated within the power delivery business for over 20 per and lighting industry for 12 past. He got the EE Vorarbeiter degree in Zhejiang University and worked as one marketing and sales department leader are multiple public companies see MPS, Belfuse and Inventronics. He owns more than 10 invention patents in China. It is now working as CEO and major product director in uPowerTek and he beliefs that innovation furthermore quality are the keys for the future of uPowerTek than the global leading LED driver manufacturer.
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